The population ecology of the common spadefoot toad (Pelobates fuscus) near Leiferde (district Gifhorn, Germany) with special regard to the effect of its artificial relocation into a new breeding-pond

Published source details Baumann K. (1997) The population ecology of the common spadefoot toad (Pelobates fuscus) near Leiferde (district Gifhorn, Germany) with special regard to the effect of its artificial relocation into a new breeding-pond. Braunschweiger Naturkundliche Schriften, 5, 249-267.
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This study is summarised as evidence for the following.

	Action	Category
	Create ponds for toads Action Link
	Translocate toads Action Link

Create ponds for toads

A before-and-after study in 1986–1994 of a created forest pond in Gifhorn, Germany (Baumann 1997) found that translocated common spadefoot toads Pelobates fuscus established a breeding population in the pond. Monitoring indicated that 33% of translocated toads and 31% of naturally colonizing toads reproduced in the created pond. A total of 152 juveniles were recorded in the pond in 1990. Mortality rate of translocated toads was high, with only 19% of toads recaptured in 1993–1994. A pond (700 m²) was created for amphibians in 1988. From 1989, toads were captured using drift-fencing with pitfall traps along the opposite side of the road. Toads were marked and translocated across the road to the pond. Monitoring was undertaken using drift-fencing with pitfall traps either side of the road and around the pond.
Translocate toads

A before-and-after study in 1986–1994 of a created pond in Gifhorn, Germany (Baumann 1997) found that translocated common spadefoot toads Pelobates fuscus bred in the new pond. Mortality rate of translocated toads was high, with only 19% of toads recaptured in 1993–1994. Monitoring indicated that 33% of translocated toads reproduced in the created pond. A total of 152 juveniles were recorded in the pond in 1990. From 1989, toads were captured using drift-fencing with pitfall traps along the side of the road. Toads were marked and translocated across the road to the pond (700 m²) created for amphibians within forest in 1988. Monitoring was undertaken using drift-fencing with pitfall traps either side of the road and around the pond.