Wild bee pollinators provide majority of crop visitation across land-use gradients in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, USA
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Published source details
Winfree R., Williams N., Gaines H., Ascher J.S. & Kremen C. (2008) Wild bee pollinators provide majority of crop visitation across land-use gradients in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, USA. Journal of Applied Ecology, 45, 793-802.
Published source details Winfree R., Williams N., Gaines H., Ascher J.S. & Kremen C. (2008) Wild bee pollinators provide majority of crop visitation across land-use gradients in New Jersey and Pennsylvania, USA. Journal of Applied Ecology, 45, 793-802.
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This study is summarised as evidence for the following.
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Convert to organic farming
Winfree et al. (2008) surveyed wild solitary and social bees visiting flowering crops on 22 or 23 farms, of which six or seven were organic and 16 conventional, in Pennsylvania and New Jersey, USA. Organic and conventional farms did not differ in field size, crop diversity or wild/weedy plant diversity and all lay in a heterogeneous landscape with many small patches of natural habitat such as woodland. They found no difference in either the abundance or species richness of bees between organic and conventional farms.
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